Research Materials

Research Materials series is a monograph series published irregularly.(Japanese) It also contains reports of interdisciplinary researches and the "Science and Technology Research Project".(Japanese, summary in English)

• 2025
• 2024
• 2023
• 2022
• 2021
• 2020
• 2019
• 2018
• 2017
• 2016

2025

Regional Sustainability Under Declining Population

• Regional Sustainability Under Declining Population (PDF: 31,154KB)

Food Tech: Exploring the Challenges and Potential of Innovative Food Solutions

• Preface / Summary / Contents (PDF: 4,051KB)

  • Chapter1 General introduction to food tech (PDF: 3,105KB)
  • Chapter2 Food tech in the production sector (PDF: 1,885KB)
  • Chapter3 Food tech in the processing and distribution sector (PDF: 1,384KB)
  • Chapter4 Food tech in the sales and consumption sector (PDF: 1,329KB)
  • Chapter5 Social issues of food tech (PDF: 2,094KB)
  • Chapter6 Towards social implementation of food tech (PDF: 1,311KB)
  • Chapter7 Summary (PDF: 1,176KB)

Trends and Issues in Ocean Affairs

• Preface / Contents (PDF: 1,196KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 571KB)

  • Chapter1 The Basic Plan on Ocean Policy and the Current State of Japan’s Ocean Policy (PDF: 1,097KB)
  • Chapter2 Efforts Being Made to Conserve the Land and Develop a Base for Marine Development in Okinotorishima and Minamitorishima (PDF: 2,179KB)
  • Chapter3 Worldwide and Japanese Trends in Marine Energy and Mineral Resources as well as Marine Renewable Energy (PDF: 1,697KB)
  • Chapter4 Arctic Ocean Observational Research (PDF: 1,428KB)
  • Chapter5 Ocean Policy of the U.S.: Promotion of Ocean Science and Technology R&D (PDF: 1,076KB)
  • Chapter6 Key Issues Surrounding Values in Ocean Governance (PDF: 846KB)

• Summary (PDF: 507KB)

• Appendix (PDF: 586KB)

AI and Society in Perspective

• Foreword / Contents (PDF: 2,817KB)

• Opening and Aim of the Symposium (PDF: 912KB)

• Part Ⅰ Problem Presentation and Presentations by the Panelists

• Problem Presentation (PDF: 659KB)

• Large Language Models (LLMs): Promises and Pitfalls (PDF: 1,774KB)

• Frontiers of XR and the Metaverse: Toward an Era of Spatial Computing Fusing Reality and Digital (PDF: 940KB)

• AI Technology and Society: Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues(ELSI) and Global Trends in AI Regulation (PDF: 2,837KB)

• Promoting the AI Industry (PDF: 8,736KB)

• Part Ⅱ Panel Discussion

• Panel Discussion (PDF: 691KB)

• Commentary

• Unpacking “AI and Society in Perspective”: Key Issues and Considerations (PDF: 639KB)

Population Decline and Regional Challenges

• Preface (PDF: 8,662KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 1,697KB)

• Part I Institutional Systems for Regional Sustainability

  • Sustainable Regional and Urban Policies in the Phase of Population Decline: 'Relationship Population' and 'Compact City' (PDF: 1,232KB)
  • Improvement of the Voting Environment in Depopulated Regions (PDF: 1,114KB)
  • The Impact of Population Decline on Local Tax Revenue (PDF: 1,298KB)

• Part II Industry and Employment in Regional Areas

  • Impacts of Regional Industrial Policies under Declining Population (PDF: 1,127KB)
  • Local Employment Issues under Population Decline in Japan (PDF: 1,454KB)
  • Current Status of and Challenges for New Farmers: Agricultural Labor Shortage under Population Decline (PDF: 903KB)

• Part III Services as the Foundation of Regional Life

  • Issues of Local Fire Service Systems in a Society with a Declining Population (PDF: 975KB)
  • Current Situation and Issues of Public High School Reorganization under Declining Population (PDF: 1,066KB)
  • Issues Surrounding Declining Population and Regional Medical Care: Looking toward 2040 (PDF: 1,068KB)
  • Overview of Regional Transportation in a Society with a Declining Population (PDF: 1,136KB)

2024

Issues Regarding Russia's Aggression against Ukraine

• Issues Regarding Russia's Aggression against Ukraine (PDF: 6,633KB)

Materials Science: The State of the Art and Future Options

• Preface,Summary (PDF: 2,588KB)

  • Chapter1 Materials Science: Growth Strategy (PDF: 2,305KB)
  • Chapter2 Materials Science: Digital Transformation (PDF: 2,595KB)
  • Chapter3 Materials Science: Resource Related Issues (PDF: 2,961KB)
  • Chapter4 Materials Science: Losing Assets (PDF: 3,930KB)
  • Chapter5 Conclusion (PDF: 1,268KB)

• Appendix Investigation Committee and Activity Records (PDF: 1,082KB)

Technology and Its Social Implementation in the Digital Era

• Preface (PDF: 1,055KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 462KB)

• Digital Technology and Politics

  • Chapter1 Virtual Proceedings in the House of Commons of Canada: From Pandemic Responses to a “New Normal” (PDF: 1,099KB)
  • Chapter2 Digital Influence Operations: Recent Trends and Responses (PDF: 955KB)
  • Chapter3 The Current State of the Internet and the Discussion of Its Fragmentation (PDF: 2,115KB)

• Digital Technology and Public Administration

  • Chapter4 Artificial Intelligence in Local Government: Efforts to Improve Operational Efficiency in Japan and the UK (PDF: 1,013KB)
  • Chapter5 R＆D Policy for Information and Communication Technology in the U.S.: Promotion of Artificial Intelligence R&D (PDF: 864KB)

• Digital Technology and Society

  • Chapter6 Technical Measures and Legal Regulations against Cyberbullying: Focusing on Legal and Non-legal Regulations in the European Union (PDF: 911KB)
  • Chapter7 Current Status of Online Medical Care and Efforts toward Further Utilization (PDF: 864KB)
  • Chapter8 Inheritance of Digital Data: In Response to the Diversification of Services via the Internet and Expansion of Use of These Services (PDF: 1,067KB)

• Adaptation to Generative AI

  • Chapter9 Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues of Generative AI (PDF: 1,200KB)

• Summary (PDF: 433KB)

• Appendix (PDF: 500KB)

Issues Regarding Russia's Aggression against Ukraine

• Preface (PDF: 1,062KB)

• Introduction: Russia’s Aggression against Ukraine and Japan’s Response (PDF: 1,430KB)

• Part I Security and Law

  • Arguments on Russian Proxies in Donbas: Two "Democratic Republics" and Private Military Companies (PDF: 876KB)
  • Information Warfare and Russian Aggression against Ukraine (PDF: 1,119KB)
  • Progress on the Debate over the Use of Explosive Weapons in Populated Areas: In Light of Russia’s Aggression against Ukraine (PDF: 961KB)
  • Russia's Passportization in Ukraine (PDF: 967KB)
  • Emergency Laws in Russia: With a Focus on the State of War (PDF: 848KB)

• Part II Economy

  • An Overview of Financial Sanctions against Russia: What Are the "Loopholes" and Weaknesses of Financial Sanctions? (PDF: 944KB)
  • Developments in Oil and Natural Gas Related to the Aggression against Ukraine (PDF: 1,090KB)
  • Russia's Aggression against Ukraine and Food Security: Response of the International Community, EU and Japan (PDF: 942KB)
  • Reshoring of Japanese Companies: Impacts of Russia's Aggression against Ukraine (PDF: 1,028KB)

Considering Japan’s Space Policy: What Should Be Done in the Next Ten Years?

• Foreword (PDF: 2,295KB)

• Opening and aim of the symposium (PDF: 1,546KB)

• Part Ⅰ Presentations by the Panelists

• Space Security (PDF: 1,095KB)

• Space Transportation System (PDF: 1,889KB)

• Human Space Activity Program and Space Exploration (PDF: 1,689KB)

• Sustainable Use of Space (PDF: 3,676KB)

• Space Business (PDF: 848KB)

• Part Ⅱ Problem Presentation and Panel Discussion

• Problem Presentation (PDF: 2,045KB)

• Panel Discussion (PDF: 606KB)

• Commentary

• For Japan's Space Policy in the Next Ten Years (PDF: 560KB)

2023

Constitutional Emergency Provisions in OECD Countries

• Constitutional Emergency Provisions in OECD Countries　Basic Information Series(30) (PDF: 1,934KB)

Inequality, Distribution and Economic Growth

• Inequality, Distribution and Economic Growth (PDF: 9,631KB)

Legal Regulations for Online Advertising in Referendum Campaigns in Foreign Countries　Basic Information Series(29)

• Preface / Contents / Afterword (PDF: 499KB)
• Foreword: Legal Regulations for Online Advertising in Referendum Campaigns in Foreign Countries (PDF: 332KB)
• Commentary: Legal Regulations for Online Advertising in Referendum Campaigns in Foreign Countries (PDF: 619KB)
• Regulations of Referendum Campaigns in the United Kingdom : Current Situation and Trends Concerning the Introduction of Regulations of Referendum Campaigns on the Internet (PDF: 881KB)
• Regulations of Referendum Movements on the Internet in France: Focusing on Recent Legislation (PDF: 804KB)
• Regulations of Online Political Advertising and Disinformation in Ireland: From the Perspective of Constitutional Referendums (PDF: 900KB)
• Regulations of Referendum Campaign Advertising in New Zealand: With a View to Regulating the Use of the Internet (PDF: 902KB)
• Referendums and Online Platform Regulations in the US: Focusing on California (PDF: 845KB)
• Trends in Regulations of Online Advertising for Referendum Campaigns in the EU: From the Perspective of Transparency in Political Advertising and Countermeasures against Disinformation (PDF: 1,066KB)

Risk Communication regarding Science and Technology: New Challenges and Developments

• Preface,Summary (PDF: 2,957KB)

• Part1 New Challenges in Risk Communication

  • Chapter1 Risk Communication: What Problems Are We Facing? (PDF: 1,221KB)
  • Chapter2 Visualizing and Bridging Gaps Between Science and Policy as well as Between Technology and Society (PDF: 1,375KB)
  • Chapter3 New Paradigm in Disaster Risk Communication (PDF: 2,656KB)

• Part2 Overview of Risk Communication regarding Science and Technology

  • Chapter4 The Basics of Risk Communication (PDF: 1,823KB)
  • Chapter5 Risk Communication and Governance of Science and Technology (PDF: 1,322KB)
  • Chapter6 Risk Communication and Media (PDF: 1,300KB)

• Part3 Various Aspects of Risk Communication: Trends in Different Subject Areas

  • Chapter7 Food: With a Central Focus on Foods That Use Genetic Technology (PDF: 1,964KB)
  • Chapter8 Nuclear Energy (PDF: 1,243KB)
  • Chapter9 Climate Change (PDF: 1,619KB)
  • Chapter10 Information and Communication Technology (PDF: 1,195KB)
  • Chapter11 Disaster (PDF: 1,259KB)

• Part4 The Next Step in Risk Communication: Perspectives for the Future

  • Chapter12 New Challenges Revealed by Experience with COVID-19 (PDF: 1,302KB)
  • Chapter13 Lessons of a Cross-National Comparative Study on the Responses to the Pandemic: Perspectives of Science and Technology Studies (PDF: 835KB)
  • Chapter14 Risk Communication in the Context of Public Law (PDF: 1,278KB)
  • Chapter15 Science and Technology Risks and Communication Human Resource Development (PDF: 1,294KB)

• Chapter Summaries (PDF: 1,143KB)

International Trends and Issues in the Utilization of Space

• Preface (PDF: 2,356KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 999KB)

• Overview

  • Chapter1 Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues in the Use of Outer Space (PDF: 1,336KB)

• Private Sector Participation

  • Chapter2 Current Situation and Issues of Space Transportation System in Japan (PDF: 1,333KB)
  • Chapter3 Possibilities and Problems of Satellite Constellations (PDF: 1,351KB)
  • Chapter4 The Utilization of Observation Data Obtained by Satellite Remote Sensing (PDF: 1,267KB)
  • Chapter5 U.S. Policy for Supporting R&D-intensive SMEs and Startups: Small Business Innovation Research Program (PDF: 1,253KB)

• Space Security

  • Chapter6 Developments of Organizations Related to Space Security (PDF: 1,318KB)

• Vulnerability

  • Chapter7 Technologies and Rules for Dealing with Space Debris: For Sustainable Use of Outer Space (PDF: 4,236KB)

• Summary (PDF: 969KB)

• Appendix (PDF: 1,032KB)

Inequality, Distribution and Economic Growth

• Preface (PDF: 2,533KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 1,517KB)

• Part I Income Inequality and the Real Economy

  • Trends in Income Inequality (PDF: 1,458KB)
  • Income Inequality and the Macroeconomy (PDF: 902KB)

• Part II Factors behind Income Inequality

  • Shareholder Primacy and Stakeholder Capitalism: The Debate on the Economy and Corporate Management (PDF: 1,060KB)
  • Wage Inequality between Regular and Non-Regular Employees (PDF: 1,150KB)
  • Policies to Address Income Inequality across Education Levels: Equal Opportunity for Higher Education (PDF: 1,386KB)

• Part III Policies for the Redistribution of Income

  • Redistribution of Income through Taxation (PDF: 1,255KB)
  • Inequality and Redistribution in American Partisan Politics (PDF: 825KB)

• Part IV Aspects of Inequality

  • Food Banks in Japan: Feeding the Hungry (PDF: 1,259KB)
  • Initiatives to Bridge the Digital Divide: A Close Look at Public Services (PDF: 2,079KB)

Issues and Prospects of Decarbonization Technology to Achieve Carbon Neutrality by 2050

• Foreword (PDF: 3,361KB)

• Opening and aim of the symposium (PDF: 1,577KB)

• Part Ⅰ Presentations by the Panelists

• Current State and Future Outlook of Climate Change (PDF: 4,325KB)

• Issues for Realizing a Decarbonized Society (PDF: 4,225KB)

• Issues in Establishing Offshore Wind Power as the Main Power Source (PDF: 11,623KB)

• Necessity of Negative Emission Technology and Issues for Its Realization (PDF: 2,356KB)

• Toward the Realization of Carbon Neutrality: Current State and Issues of Technology Development and Viewpoints of Technology Evaluation (PDF: 2,558KB)

• Part Ⅱ Problem Presentation and Panel Discussion

• Social Implementation of Decarbonization Technology: From the Perspective of Social Implementation of Emerging Technologies (PDF: 835KB)

• Panel Discussion (PDF: 622KB)

• Issues for Social Implementation of Decarbonization Technologies: Addendum to the Issues Raised (PDF: 564KB)

2022

U.S. Economic Security Policy and the International Economic Order under the U.S.-China Conflict

• U.S. Economic Security Policy and the International Economic Order under the U.S.-China Conflict (PDF: 4,644KB)

Quantum Information Technologies

• Preface / Summary (PDF: 1,631KB)
• Chapter1 Brief Overview of Quantum Information Technologies (PDF: 1,119KB)
• Chapter2 Trends of Research and Development in Quantum Information Technologies (PDF: 10,913KB)
  • Ⅰ Quantum Computer
  • Column: Bibliometric Analyses of Research and Development Trends in Quantum Computer Science
  • Ⅱ Quantum Simulator
  • Ⅲ Quantum Sensing
  • Ⅳ Quantum Communication and Network
• Chapter3 Social Implementation / Practical Applications and Impact on Society and Issues (PDF: 4,080KB)
  • Ⅰ Prospect and Expected Social Image of Quantum Information Technologies
  • Ⅱ Trends of Business Activities in Quantum Information Technologies
  • Ⅲ Efforts by User Companies
  • Ⅳ Human Resource Development and University Education System
  • Ⅴ Qualification System and Human Resource Development
  • Ⅵ Trends of Patent Applications
• Chapter4 Examples of Related Policies of Several Countries (PDF: 3,809KB)
• Chapter5 Conclusion (PDF: 976KB)

Technologies for Decarbonized Society and Related Issues

• Preface / Contents (PDF: 515KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 525KB)

• Ⅰ Overview

  • Trends and Issues of "Decarbonization" (PDF: 934KB)
  • Why Is Decarbonization Necessary? Current State and Future Outlook for Climate Change (PDF: 761KB)

• Ⅱ Technologies and Policy Issues

  • R&D Policy for Low-Carbon Technologies in the EU and the US (PDF: 849KB)
  • Column: Carbon Pricing (PDF: 577KB)
  • Carbon Dioxide Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) (PDF: 856KB)
  • Trends of Development of Advanced Reactors and Relevant Policies in Foreign Countries (PDF: 1,358KB)
  • Hydrogen Technologies and Issues for Their Future Widespread Use (PDF: 928KB)
  • Issues of Increased Energy Efficiency of Houses in Japan: Actions by Public and Private Sectors to Increase Energy Efficiency of Houses (PDF: 1,086KB)

• Ⅲ Approaches for Evaluation

  • Life Cycle Assessment of Decarbonization Technologies (PDF: 834KB)
  • Challenges in Bridging Gap between Decarbonization Technologies and Society (PDF: 796KB)

• Summary (PDF: 416KB)

• Back Issues of the Science and Technology Project Reports from FY 2010 to FY 2020 (PDF: 695KB)

Comprehensive Security in a Changing International Environment

• Preface (PDF: 4,628KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 1,058KB)

• Part Ⅰ The Broadening and Deepening of Security

  • Broadening and Deepening of the Concept of Security after the Cold War (PDF: 876KB)
  • Security in the Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (PDF: 987KB)

• Part Ⅱ Economic Security

  • Supply Chain as National Security Issue: The Risks of U.S.-China Competition and U.S.-Led Economic Partnerships (PDF: 1,082KB)
  • Currency Competition and Security Risks in the Digital Era: What Effect Will Borderless Digital Currencies Have? (PDF: 1,225KB)
  • Evaluating Public Works: Preparing for 1000-Year Natural Disasters (PDF: 926KB)

• Part Ⅱ Information Security

  • U.S. Security Clearances and the Debate in Japan: How Should They Apply to Researchers? (PDF: 1,022KB)
  • Regulations and Guidelines for Researchers in the United States to Prevent Technology Leakages (PDF: 1,037KB)
  • National Security and Data Security in China;(PDF: 1,171KB)
  • Parliamentary Oversight of Intelligence Services in Australia: A Comparison with other Five-Eyes Members (PDF: 963KB)

Genome Editing Technologies: Issues arising on the frontline and future prospects

• Foreword / Contents / Program (PDF: 4633KB)

• Opening / Aim of the symposium (PDF: 2208KB)

• Ⅰ Presentations by the Panelists

  • Introduction: Issues Arising in the Process of Introduction into Society and Expansion of the Fields of Application of Genome Editing Technologies (PDF: 2,431KB)
  • Social Issues of Industrialization of Genome-edited Tomatoes Containing High Amounts of GABA (PDF: 4,586KB)
  • Emerging Bioeconomy and Japan at the Crossroads: The Dawn of an Era of“Digital×Bio” (PDF: 4,792KB)
  • Issues of Intellectual Property Rights of Genome Editing Technologies (PDF: 3,896KB)
  • Issues of Regulations of Genome Editing Technologies (PDF: 9,240KB)
  • Ethical Issues of Gene Drive Technologies (PDF: 9,467KB)
  • Comments on the panelists' presentations (PDF: 795KB)

• Ⅱ Panel Discussion

  • Panel Discussion (PDF: 1,021KB)

• Commentary

  • Genome Editing Technologies in a New Stage and Related Issues in Japan (PDF: 1,025KB)

2021

U.K. Parliamentary Politics in Times of Crisis

• U.K. Parliamentary Politics in Times of Crisis (PDF: 2,198KB)

Technologies to Assist Older People and Related Social Issues

• Preface / Summary / Contents (PDF: 1,204KB)
• Chapter 1　Current Status of and Social Requirements for Technologies Assisting the Lives of Older People (PDF: 1,207KB)
• Chapter 2　The Latest Trends in Technologies for Assisting Older People's Lives (PDF: 2,220KB)
• Chapter 3　Legal and Ethical Issues in the Development, Introduction and Popularization of Life Assistive Technologies (PDF: 971KB)
• Chapter 4　Social, Cultural and Policy Issues of Perception of Life Assistive Technologies: The Case of Social Implementation of Nursing Care Robots (PDF: 1,466KB)
• Chapter 5　The Possibility of Living Labs and Structural Challenges in Japan (PDF: 1,371KB)
• Chapter 6　Conclusion and Future Policy Options (PDF: 713KB)

Genome-Editing Technology and Its Impact

• Preface / Contents (PDF: 550KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 553KB)

• Ⅰ Overview

  • Basics of and Applications for Genome Editing (PDF: 1,038KB)

• Ⅱ Technology and Challenges

  • An Overview of Genome Editing Technology and Issues Related to Social Implementation (PDF: 1,218KB)
  • Trends in Genome-Edited Crops and Consumer Awareness (PDF: 967KB)
  • Clarification of Regulatory Oversight for Products Created with Genome Editing Technology in Japan and an Overview of Related Issues (PDF: 1,139KB)
  • Current Issues in the Application of Genome Editing Technology to Medical Care (PDF: 787KB)

• Ⅲ Technology and Society

  • The Social Implementation of Emerging Technologies (PDF: 1,059KB)

• Summary (PDF: 487KB)

• Back Issues of the Science and Technology Project Reports from FY 2010 to FY 2019 (PDF: 768KB)

Trends and Issues of Social Media in the Era of Coronavirus

• Foreword / Contents / Program (PDF: 5,018KB)

• Opening / Aim of the Symposium (PDF: 3,175KB)

• Ⅰ Presentations by the Panelists

  • Social Media as Social Infrastructure in the Era of Coronavirus (PDF: 8,714KB)
  • Data Analysis of the Structure of Dissemination of Demagogy (PDF: 4,838KB)
  • Background of Demagogy, Flaming, and Discrimination from a Sociopsychological Perspective (PDF: 4,619KB)
  • Platforms and Constitutional Points in Question (PDF: 1,407KB)
  • Current Status and Issues of Regulations of Social Media (PDF: 4,325KB)
  • Ethics of Social Media in the Era of Coronavirus (PDF: 2,369KB)
  • Comments on the Panelists' Presentations (PDF: 1,082KB)

• Ⅱ Panel Discussion

  • Panel Discussion (PDF: 985KB)

• Commentary

  • To Maintain the Resilience of Democratic Societies (PDF: 971KB)

Constitutions of the World (11) Sweden, 2nd edition

• Constitutions of the World (11) Sweden, 2nd edition　Basic Information Series(28) (PDF: 1,996KB)

Challenges Facing Young People in Japan

• Preface / Contents / Afterword (PDF: 1,403KB)
• Overview (PDF: 1,136KB)
• Constitutional Law and Young People: The Human Rights of Minors (PDF: 1,289KB)
• Intergenerational Disparities in the Value of Individual Votes (PDF: 1,807KB)
• Fighting the Sexual Abuse of Children on Social Networking Services: Victims of Indecent Selfies (PDF: 1,336KB)
• Trends in Consumer Education for Young People in Japan (PDF: 1,293KB)
• Trends in Financial Education for Young People in Japan (PDF: 1,339KB)
• Educating the Children of Foreign Residents: When Children Are Not Enrolled in School (PDF: 1,293KB)
• Developing Government Policies to Promote the Employment of Young Adults (PDF: 1,389KB)
• Trends in Outbound Tourism of Young Adults (PDF: 1,464KB)

2020

Current Topics in Employment and Earnings: Labor Market and Evidence-Based Policymaking (EBPM)

• Current Topics in Employment and Earnings: Labor Market and Evidence-Based Policymaking (EBPM) (PDF: 9,207KB)

Science, Technology and Innovation Policy beyond 2020

• Preface / Summary / Contents (PDF: 2,989KB)

• Part 1 International Trends in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (PDF: 1,760KB)

  • Ⅰ Brief Review of the Research and Development of Japan with Science and Technology Indicators
  • Ⅱ Science, Technology and Innovation Policy of EU
  • Ⅲ Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in the UK
  • Ⅳ Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in the US
  • Ⅴ Approaches to Social Aspects of Science, Technology and Innovation

• Part 2 Transition of the Science and Technology Basic Plan (PDF: 1,185KB)

  • Ⅰ First, Second and Third Science and Technology Basic Plans
  • Ⅱ Fourth and Fifth Science and Technology Basic Plans

• Part 3 Issues in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (PDF: 1,772KB)

  • Ⅰ Mission-Oriented Programs
  • Ⅱ Japanese Universities'Stagnated Research Output: Policy Issues
  • Ⅲ Bayh-Dole Policies and University-Industry Collaboration: US-Japan Comparison
  • Ⅳ Issues in the Promotion of R&D-oriented SMEs and Startups

Trends and Issues of Social Media

• Preface / Contents (PDF: 2,889KB)
• Introduction (PDF: 1,050KB)
• What Is Social Media? (PDF: 1,294KB)
• Interaction between SNS and Law from the Perspective of Freedom of Expression and Democratic Form of Government (PDF: 1,277KB)
• Architecture of Social Media and Freedom of Expression (PDF: 1,201KB)
• Wrongful Use of Personal Information in SNS: The Case of Cambridge Analytica (PDF: 1,263KB)
• Utilization of Social Media in Election Campaigns (PDF: 1,241KB)
• The State of Affairs of “Fake News”/Disinformation and Their Countermeasures (PDF: 1,307KB)
• Media Literacy in the Social Media Age (PDF: 1,210KB)
• Summary (PDF: 1,100KB)
• Back Issues of the Science and Technology Project Reports from FY 2010 to FY 2018 (PDF: 1,088KB)

Evidence-Based Policymaking: Current Status and Issues

• Preface (PDF: 2,973KB)

• Overview (PDF: 1,147KB)

• Part Ⅰ The Development of Evidence-Based Policymaking

  • 1 The Introduction of EBPM to Japan (PDF: 1,295KB)
  • 2 Policy Evaluation in Japan: 　Government Policy Evaluations, Administrative Review, and EBPM (PDF: 1,451KB)
  • 3 Overseas Forerunners: Excellent Precedents in EBPM (PDF: 1,460KB)
  • 4 Issues Highlighted by Case Studies (PDF: 661KB)

• Part Ⅱ Case Studies from the Viewpoint of Evidence-Based Policymaking

  • 5 Preventive Medicine and Medical Care Expenditure Regulation, and EBPM: Focusing on Specific Health Checkups and Specific Health Guidance (PDF: 824KB)
  • 6 Funding National Universities and EBPM: Focusing on Performance-Based Distribution (PDF: 898KB)
  • 7 Tax Expenditures and EBPM: Focusing on R&D Tax Incentives (PDF: 929KB)
  • 8 Subsidies for SMEs and EBPM: Focusing on Manufacturing Subsidies (PDF: 807KB)
  • 9 Promotion of Cashless Settlement and EBPM (PDF: 1,1135KB)
  • 10 Wildlife Damage Control and EBPM (PDF: 888KB)

• Glossary (PDF: 528KB)

Fostering future researchers in support of the Science-and-Technology-Oriented-Nation Concept

• Foreword/Contents/Program (PDF: 3,072KB)

• Ⅰ Presentations from Panelists

  • Opening remarks (PDF: 655KB)
  • The subject matter and objectives of this program (PDF: 1,210KB)
  • Training junior researchers: What problems must be addressed in the 21st century? (PDF: 2,767KB)
  • How researchers see it: Initiatives at the Kyoto University Research Administration (PDF: 3,605KB)
  • Training researchers (PDF: 1,412KB)
  • A historical perspective on the relationship between government policies for promoting innovation and academic research (PDF: 1,003KB)

• Ⅱ Panel Discussion

  • Panel Discussion (PDF: 765KB)

• Commentary

  • Reconsidering the Challenge of Training Young Researchers from the Perspective of the Post-Doctoral Problem (PDF: 790KB)

2019

Provisions Concerning Armed Forces and Emergency Provisions of U.S., French and German Constitutions

• Provisions Concerning Armed Forces and Emergency Provisions of U.S., French and German Constitutions Basic Information Series(27) (PDF: 1,359KB)

U.S. Foreign Policy and Japan

• U.S. Foreign Policy and Japan (PDF: 2,460KB)

Infrastructure Maintenance Technology

• Preface/Summary (PDF: 1,252KB)

• Current Conditions (PDF: 4,360KB)

  • Ⅰ Overview
  • Ⅱ Identification of problems and policy challenges for buildings
  • Ⅲ Identification of problems and policy challenges for roads, bridges and tunnels
  • Ⅳ Identification of problems and policy challenges for water and sewers
  • Ⅴ Identification of problems and policy challenges for land conservation
  • Ⅵ Identification of problems and policy challenges for other infrastructure
  • Ⅶ Analysis of infrastructure with four major challenge areas

• Countermeasures (PDF: 2,938KB)

  • Ⅷ Countermeasures
  • Ⅸ Restructuring
  • Ⅹ Reducing the whole-life cost
  • ⅩⅠ Alternative service provision
  • ⅩⅡ Other measures
  • ⅩⅢ Analysis of countermeasures with four major challenge areas

• Afterword/Glossary (PDF: 1,273KB)

Current Trends in Biometrics

• Preface/Summary (PDF: 1,196KB)

• Part 1 Trends in Research and Technology by Modality (PDF: 2,039KB)

  • Ⅰ What is Biometrics?
  • Ⅱ Fingerprint
  • Ⅲ DNA
  • Ⅳ Iris
  • Ⅴ Vein
  • Ⅵ Face
  • Ⅶ Gait
  • Ⅷ Behavioral

• Part 2 Biometrics Trends by Domain (PDF: 1,318KB)

  • Ⅰ Expanding Applications
  • Ⅱ 1:1 Verification
  • Ⅲ 1:N Identification
  • Ⅳ Derivative Technologies

• Part 3 Global Trends in Regulatory Policy and Governance (PDF: 1,739KB)

  • Ⅰ United States
  • Ⅱ United Kingdom
  • Ⅲ Australia
  • Ⅳ EU
  • Ⅴ India
  • Ⅵ International Organizations

• Part 4 Domestic Trends and Policy Options (PDF: 1,355KB)

  • Ⅰ Biometrics Trends among Public Institutions
  • Ⅱ Laws and Regulations
  • Ⅲ Social and Ethical Approaches
  • Ⅳ Future Policy Options

Forecast and Response to Extreme Weather

• Preface (PDF: 1,172KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 1,074KB)

• Ⅰ Extreme Weather and Forecasting

  • Extreme Weather and Observation/Prediction Technology (PDF: 1,198KB)
  • Extreme Weather and Global Warming (PDF: 1,256KB)

• Ⅱ Disaster Prevention

  • Extreme Weather and Disaster Prevention: How Do We Deal with Nature? (PDF: 1,228KB)
  • Problems in Implementing Effective Education for Disaster Risk Reduction (PDF: 1,242KB)
  • Disaster Information Concerning Heavy Rain and Evacuation of Residents (PDF: 1,175KB)

• Ⅲ Recovery and Reconstruction after Disaster

  • The Law and Measures for Extreme Weather: Legislative System for Disaster Countermeasures and Issues with Disaster Waste (PDF: 1,222KB)

• Summary (PDF:&nbsp1,053KB)

• Back Issues: The NDL Research Materials on Science and Technology Projects from FY 2010 to FY 2017 (PDF: 1,108KB)

The United States in the 21st Century

• Preface (PDF: 1,144KB)

• Overview of the Articles (PDF: 1,385KB)

• Introduction: Political and Social Polarization in the United States and the Changing International Order (PDF: 1,551KB)

• I. Domestic Policy

  • Unilateral Instruments Advancing the President's Agenda: Focusing on Presidential Directives (PDF: 1,533KB)
  • Outline and Effects of the 2017 Tax Reform under the Trump Administration (PDF: 1,507KB)
  • Current Manufacturing and International Trade Policies (PDF: 1,603KB)
  • Trends in Energy and Climate Change Policies (PDF: 1,632KB)
  • Net Neutrality in the United States: Change of Government and Policies (PDF: 1,508KB)

• II. Foreign Policy

  • U.S. Security Policy in the 21st Century: Focusing on the National Security Strategies of Successive Administrations (PDF: 1,503KB)
  • Realignment of Forward Deployed Forces in Asia-Pacific under the Obama and Trump Administrations (PDF: 1,541KB)

• Chronology (PDF: 1,246KB)

• Afterword (PDF:&nbsp1,149KB)

Referendum Legislation and Examples around the World, 2019 Edition

• Referendum Legislation and Examples around the World, 2019 Edition Basic Information Series(26) (PDF: 1,181KB)

2018

Current Situation and Issues of Foreign Workers in the EU with a Focus on Germany

• Current Situation and Issues of Foreign Workers in the EU with a Focus on Germany (PDF: 9,052KB)

Policy Decisions And Scientific Literacy

• Preface (PDF: 810KB)

• Summary (PDF: 892KB)

• Part 1 Backgrounds, Objectives and Methods (PDF: 714KB)

  1. Backgrounds of the research
  • 2. Objectives and methods of the research
  • 3. Structure of the report

• Part 2 Current state of scientific literacy in Japan (PDF: 848KB)

  1. Improvement of scientific literacy and examples
  • 2. Historic development of scientific literacy
  • 3. Points to be learned

• Part 3 Overseas cases of policy decision support for science and technology (PDF: 1,122KB)

  1. Policy decision support by investigation function within legislature
  • 2. Policy advice by academia
  • 3. Points to be learned
  • 4. Implications

• Part 4 Toward policy decisions based on scientific grounds (PDF: 523KB)

  1. Issues for scientific evidence-based policy-making
  • 2. Issues in improving scientific literacy

• Outline of meetings of the investigation committee (PDF: 403KB)

Infrastructure for Data-Driven Society

• Introduction (PDF: 916KB)

• Summary (PDF: 974KB)

• Part 1 Trends in data-utilization and handling data (statistics, informatics, etc.) (PDF: 1,996KB)

  • Ⅰ Applying data science to science research
  • Ⅱ Open science and open data
  • Ⅲ Elemental technology for utilizing big-data
  • Ⅳ Data utilization in the humanities

• Part 2 The impact on society and economy (PDF: 4,077KB)

  • Ⅰ Stimulating the local economy using social big data
  • Ⅱ Data utilization in primary and secondary industries
  • Ⅲ Data utilization in tertiary industries
  • Ⅳ Adapting smart technology to the social infrastructure
  • Ⅴ Risk detection and disaster prevention
  • Ⅵ Online education and keeping a lifelog of learning
  • Ⅶ Virtual currency and society

• Part 3 Current status and issues of infrastructure for data-driven society (PDF: 2,135KB)

  • Ⅰ Open science as a catalyst for revolutionizing academic research
  • Ⅱ E-research infrastructure as a key to international academic competition in the 21st century
  • Ⅲ Human resource development (e.g., data scientists)
  • Ⅳ Data science and the law

• Part 4 Future forecast (PDF: 1,173KB)

Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence/Robotics and Work/Employment

• Preface (PDF: 1,301KB)

• Summary (PDF: 1,008KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 1,209KB)

• Part 1 Trends in Research and Technology (PDF: 2,311KB)

  • Ⅰ Knowledge Processing / Machine Learning
  • Ⅱ Natural Language Processing
  • Ⅲ Image Acquisition and Recognition
  • Ⅳ Speech User Interface
  • Ⅴ Human Agent Interaction
  • Ⅵ Robotics
  • Ⅶ IoT
  • Ⅷ Multi-agent System
  • Ⅸ Crowdsourcing

• Part 2 AI Trends by Domain (PDF: 4,825KB)

  • Ⅰ Healthcare
  • Ⅱ Elderly Care
  • Ⅲ Art and Design
  • Ⅳ Education
  • Ⅴ Hospitality
  • Ⅵ Transportation / Mobility
  • Ⅶ Agriculture
  • Ⅷ Security
  • Column 1 AI and Military Use Overseas
  • Column 2 Japanese Chess (Shogi)

• Part 3 AI and Employment Overseas, and in Development, Utilization and Management of Human Resources (PDF: 1,625KB)

  • Ⅰ AI, Robotics and Employment Policy Trends in US
  • Ⅱ AI, Robotics and Employment Policy Trends in EU and Germany
  • Ⅲ AI and Employment Issues in France
  • Ⅳ AI, Robotics, and Labor in the Chinese Workplace
  • Ⅴ Technological Innovation and Employment
  • Ⅵ Human Resources and Labor Management by ICT and its Regulation: Japan and Overseas
  • Ⅶ Development and Recruitment of AI-related Human Resources

Rules of Procedure of the French National Assembly

• Rules of Procedure of the French National Assembly Basic Information Series(25) (PDF: 3,415KB)

Trends and Issues of Autonomous Driving Technology

• Preface (PDF: 972KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 1,059KB)

• I Trends of Autonomous Driving Technology

  • Potentiality and Social Acceptance of Autonomous Driving Technology (PDF: 786KB)
  • Issues Concerning Application of Artificial Intelligence to Autonomous Vehicles (PDF: 848KB)
  • (Column 1) Radar and GPS: Technologies for Autonomous Driving Developed in Military Domain (PDF: 497KB)
  • Industry Trends related to Autonomous Driving Vehicles (PDF: 773KB)
  • (Column 2) Trend of Utilizing of Unmanned Vehicles in Military Applications (PDF: 491KB)
  • Standardization, and Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (PDF: 823KB)

• Ⅱ Legal and Social Issues

  • Ethical and Social Issues of Autonomous Vehicles (PDF: 747KB)
  • Issues on Road Traffic Law over Autonomous Driving (PDF: 710KB)
  • Legal Responses to Traffic Accidents by Autonomous Vehicles: Should civil and criminal liabilities change? (PDF: 696KB)

• Summary (PDF: 348KB)

• Appendix (PDF: 1,025KB)

Value Added Taxes in Foreign Countries（2018)

• Value Added Taxes in Foreign Countries（2018) Basic Information Series(24) (PDF: 2,677KB)

The European Union at the Crossroads

• Preface (PDF: 452KB)

• Basic Information on the EU（Map） (PDF: 1,377KB)

• Basic Information on the EU（Structure） (PDF: 1,669KB)

• Basic Information on the EU（Treaties） (PDF: 807KB)

• Introduction to the European Union at the Crossroads (PDF: 900KB)

• I. Causes of EU Crisis

  • 1. Deepening of the Economic and Monetary Union and Adhering to the Fiscal Discipline: Integration of the Fiscal Compact into the Framework of the EU Law and the Orientation of the Stability and Growth Pact after the Euro Crisis (PDF: 834KB)
  • 2. European Responses to the Refugee Crisis: Building the Common European Asylum System and Strengthening the External Borders Administration (PDF: 878KB)
  • 3. International Labour Migration in the EU (PDF: 930KB)

• II. Brexit and the Reform of the EU’s System

  • 1. Populism across the EU and Brexit (PDF: 894KB)
  • 2. Debate on the future of the EU after the Brexit referendum (PDF: 856KB)
  • Column―The Spitzenkandidaten process: towards a further politicisation of the EU institutional setting (PDF: 603KB)

• III. Policies of the EU

  • 1. Military Operations and Civilian Missions outside the EU based on the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) (PDF: 725KB)
  • 2. Development and Problems of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) (PDF: 883KB)
  • 3. Climate Policies in the EU (PDF: 830KB)
  • 4. Perspectives and Issues on the European Higher Education Area (PDF: 879KB)

• IV. Japan and the EU

  • 1. The EU’s FTA policy and the EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (PDF: 926KB)
  • Column―Japan and the EU need to deepen their ties (PDF: 618KB)

• Afterword (PDF: 964KB)

2017

Family diversity: From European experiences

• Family diversity: From European experiences (PDF: 6,708KB)

Transformation of Science and Technology Policies in the Post-Cold War Era

• Preface (PDF: 515KB)

• Introduction (PDF: 532KB)

• 1 Transformation of Science and Technology Policies in the Post-Cold War Era

  • Military- and Civilian-Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in the Post-Cold War and Post-9/11 (PDF: 943KB)
  • The U.S. Department of Energy and the Human Genome Project (PDF: 933KB)
  • Assessment of “Impacts”: Science and Technology Policy and Research Evaluation (PDF: 888KB)

• 2 Impacts on Defense Equipment

  • Rising Maintenance Costs of Defense Equipment and Countermeasures: Cost Reduction and Improvement in Efficiency by PBL Contract (PDF: 801KB)
  • Effective Utilization of Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) in Defense Equipment (PDF: 769KB)

• 3 Issues on Dual-Use Technology

  • The Birth and Development of Dual-Use Policy (PDF: 1,023KB)
  • Defense Research at US Universities: A Framework for Suppotring University Research through the Government's R&D Budget for Defense (PDF: 966KB)
  • The Benchmark of Terahertz Wave Applications (PDF: 1,652KB)

• Summary (PDF: 423KB)

• Appendix (PDF: 528KB)

International Trends in Space Policies

• Preface and Summary (PDF: 320KB)

• Introduction International Trends in Space Policies and Japan’s Perspectives (PDF: 416KB)

• Part 1 Basics of Space and Space Policies (PDF: 1,328KB)

• Part 2 International Trends

  • 1 Japan (PDF: 925KB)
  • 2 United States of America (PDF: 748KB)
  • 3 European Countries (PDF: 655KB)
  • 4 China (PDF: 793KB)
  • 5 Russia (PDF: 618KB)
  • 6 India (PDF: 1,708KB)

• Part 3 Issues

  • 1 International Space Law (PDF: 512KB)
  • 2 Space Industries and Technology (PDF: 635KB)
  • 3 Space and Security (PDF: 683KB)

• Appendix (PDF: 591KB)

• Interviews (PDF: 147KB)

Building a Society of Diversity

• Preface (PDF: 403KB)

• Introduction to a Society of Diversity (PDF: 844KB)

• Ⅰ Diversity and Social Inclusion

  • Social Inclusion: Policies and Practices in Japan and Overseas (PDF: 871KB)
  • Issues in Building a Society of Diversity: Immigration in Germany (PDF: 947KB)

• Ⅱ Society of Diversity and Discrimination

  • Diverse Aspects of Comprehensive Anti-Discrimination Laws: Germany, Sweden, and the United Kingdom (PDF: 802KB)
  • Trends in Anti-Discrimination Legislation Protecting LGBT Peoplein Japan and Overseas (PDF: 766KB)

• Ⅲ Encouraging Social Participation by All People

  • Women in Politics and Gender Quotas: Ensuring Diversity in the Political Arena (PDF: 799KB)
  • Guaranteeing the Right to Vote for Persons with Disabilities andthe Elderly (PDF: 795KB)
  • Reduced Fares on Public Transport for the Elderly and the Disabledin Japan and England (PDF: 775KB)

• Ⅳ Society of Diversity and Growth Strategy

  • Society of Diversity and Government Finances: Government Expenditurefor Stabilizing and Promoting Employment (PDF: 807KB)
  • Diversity in Japanese Companies and the Japanese Economy (PDF: 1,106KB)
  • Past and Present Policies for Women in Agriculture (PDF: 716KB)

• Afterword (PDF: 711KB)

2016

Arguments on Constitutional Review (Revised Edition)

• Arguments on Constitutional Review (Revised Edition) Basic Information Series(23) (PDF: 1,293KB)

The functions of parliament in the global era--suggestions for Japanese politics from the EU experiences

• The functions of parliament in the global era--suggestions for Japanese politics from the EU experiences (PDF: 5,804KB)

Lower House Electoral Systems in Foreign Countries

• Lower House Electoral Systems in Foreign Countries Basic Information Series(22) (PDF: 1,900KB)

Frontiers in Life Sciences : Progress and Ethical Issues in Research and Development

• Title Page, Overview and Index (PDF: 439KB)
• Ⅰ Frontiers in Life Sciences: Shift to New Era of Research and Development (PDF: 731KB)
• Ⅱ Global Trends in Life Science Research and Development: Policies and Systems
  • Chapter 1 Japan (PDF: 778KB)
  • Chapter 2 United States of America (PDF: 865KB)
  • Chapter 3 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (PDF: 732KB)
  • Chapter 4 Federal Republic of Germany (PDF: 538KB)
  • Chapter 5 French Republic (PDF: 492KB)
  • Chapter 6 European Union (PDF: 398KB)
  • Chapter 7 Other countries and regions (PDF: 477KB)
• Ⅲ Recent Topics in Life Science Research and Development
  • Chapter 1 Healthcare Policies and Systems (PDF: 745KB)
  • Chapter 2 Bioethics and Regulations (PDF: 620KB)
  • Chapter 3 Application of Medical Data (PDF: 890KB)
  • Chapter 4 Drug Development and Pharmaceutical Industry (PDF: 530KB)
  • Chapter 5 Development of Medical Device and Industry (PDF: 677KB)
  • Chapter 6 Cancer Research (PDF: 476KB)
  • Chapter 7 Brain Sciences and Neurosciences (PDF: 576KB)
  • Chapter 8 Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research (PDF: 534KB)
  • Chapter 9 Genomic Medicine (PDF: 574KB)
• Ⅳ Discussions on Life Science Research and Development, and Bioethics
  • Chapter 1 Urgent Necessity of Innovation in Genomic Medicine (PDF: 772KB)
  • Chapter 2 How Has Japan Developed Life Sciences in the Framework of the Science,Technology, and Innovation Policy and S ystem?:A Comparison with Selected Countries and Implications (PDF: 678KB)
  • Chapter 3 Towards Prevention and C ure: Potentials of Japan (PDF: 516KB)
  • Chapter 4 New Regulatory Approaches to Promote Innovative Life Sciences (PDF: 546KB)
  • Chapter 5 Origin and Development of Biobanking:Infrastructure of Medical Research as Biology of Human Subjects (PDF: 645KB)
• Appendix Research Committee and Interviews with Experts (PDF: 287KB)

Aspects in Life Sciences

• Title Page, Overview and Index (PDF: 1,362KB)
• Preface (PDF: 1,434KB)
• Introduction (PDF: 1,636KB)
  • Ⅰ Bioethics
    • Overview of the Discussions on State-of-the-art Medical Technology and Bioethics Based on the Analysis of Newspaper Editorials (PDF: 1,981KB)
    • Open-Age Biosecurity (PDF: 1,859KB)
  • Ⅱ Health Policy
    • Science and Technology in the Medical Field and the Health Policy (PDF: 1,961KB)
    • Issues on Physician Scientists: Life Science Research Personnel at Risk (PDF: 1,958KB)
    • Basic Research and Industry-Academia Collaboration in Biotechnology: Lecture Note (PDF: 1,716KB)
  • Ⅲ Disease
    • Climate Change and Changes in Disease Incidence (PDF: 1,991KB)
    • The Global Spread of Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases: Current Situations in Japan and Measures in the Border (PDF: 2,003KB)
  • Ⅳ Industry and Research Infrastructure
    • Current Trends and Issues Related to Business Utilization of Genomic Analyses (PDF: 1,934KB)
    • Overview of International Trends for Biosimilars from a Regulatory Perspective (PDF: 2,023KB)

Constitutions of the World (10) Hungary

• Constitutions of the World (10) Hungary (PDF: 1,825KB)