• Index of this issue

No. 98, August 2021

Preliminary

A library is a source of knowledge and acts as a center for information literacy that is useful for the community. Society is expected to be able to process, comprehend, and analyze the information provided by the library for the welfare of all aspects. Therefore, high-quality digital information can help people acquire literacy. The library also has another important role, namely as a center for information literacy-based community activities, meaning that wherever people are located, they will still be able to get information quickly and with quality through the use of the latest technology, making it easier for users to analyze information through research, processing, and review.

Law Number 13 of 2018 regulates the Handover of Savings for Printed and Recorded Works (legal deposit). The law assigns the National Library of Indonesia (NLI) to carry out the Handover of Printed and Recorded Works in Indonesia. In accordance with the 4.0 technology trend, the legal deposit law makes NLI become an institution with a very important task. NLI will store all the Indonesian nation's works consisting of printed and recorded works and preserve them as a result of national culture. It is used to support development through education, research, and development of science and technology. NLI also saves printed and recorded works from threats caused by nature and/or human actions. This task needs to be supported by many parties with adequate facilities and infrastructure, as well as an efficient, competent and accurate system.
The latest developments and advances in information and communication technology show that people have lived in a dynamic digital era. The use of information and communication technology has also been carried out by record producers in terms of making and publishing their works. Digital recording works include works of digital origin and the results of media transfer (digitization). Examples of recorded works include electronic books (e-books), electronic journals (e-journals), electronic magazines (e-magazines), electronic newspapers (e-paper), recordings of digital songs and music, digital video recordings, electronic maps, etc.

Currently, there are 164,610 libraries in Indonesia (National Library, 2018), consisting of 69% or 113,541 school/madrasah (Islamic school) libraries, 25.8% or 42,260 public libraries, 4% or 6552 special libraries, 1.2% or 2,057 college libraries. Indonesian libraries already have digital libraries such as library automation systems integrated with INLIS, INLIS Lite, SLIMs, KOHA, and digital libraries such as ePrints, DSpace, iPusnas, e-Resources, and Indonesia One Search. All of them have the same goal in developing librarianship and improving library services which can be easily accessed by the people all around Indonesia. In addition, several libraries in Indonesia have also utilized information systems. The usage of the information systems can be seen from the number of users using the local library internet and open survey data about the library through the Firefly application. In addition, internet users in Indonesia have reached 171.17 million or 64.8% of the total 264.16 million people Indonesian population. This figure is expected to dominate the use of the internet to utilize the library as a source of information through digital library facilities in Indonesia.

NLI is also an institution that gives an International Standard Book Number (ISBN) which means NLI controls book publishing in Indonesia, although this has not been explored more deeply. The potential for collecting printed and recorded works (KCKR) in 2019 is 169,892 works, consisting of 80,017 works with a printed ISBN, 15,839 works with an electronic ISBN, 938 e-serials, 29,002 films and advertisements, 28,440 from study programs, 12,534 government publications and 2,376 digital songs (Figure 1). Through the repository system for Indonesian national works, NLI can establish a digital library access door that can accommodate the collection of the national printed and recorded works and maximize its use by the entire community and stakeholders (publishers, recording entrepreneurs, etc.). This digital access is called SRIKANDI. Through SRIKANDI, it is possible for the public to optimally search and access repositories of the Indonesian nation's works in all libraries in Indonesia and through internet access.

< Figure 1 Potential handover of print and recorded works in 2019 >

The industrial revolution 4.0 requires libraries to keep abreast of the times. Conventional libraries should switch to library 4.0. However, switching to library 4.0 is not easy. It requires careful and mature preparation to keep up with the technology industry 4.0. The Library 4.0 concept adopts the elements that existed in the industrial revolution 4.0. The elements of the industrial revolution 4.0 include: artificial intelligence (AI), big data, internet of things (IoT), cloud computing services, and cyber physical.

Purpose and Objectives

Printed works and recorded works of national culture have an important role as:

1. one of the benchmarks of the nation's intellectual progress,
2. references in education, development of science and technology, research and dissemination of information, and preservation of national culture,
3. tracing tool for historical records, traces of change, and development of the nation for development and national interest.

SRIKANDI was built to become a national system for storing and preserving printed and recorded works of Indonesian children in accordance with the Legal Deposit Law and carrying out the main function of the NLI as the manager of the national collection.

The purpose of SRIKANDI, namely:

1. Providing online electronic work submission services to publishers to fulfill obligations under the legal deposit law easily, safely and quickly.
2. Delivering information quickly about all work types of the Indonesian works.
3. Building trust between publishers and the National Library of Indonesia as a deposit library - trustworthy repository - which stores and preserves works, both printed and recorded works.
4. Build a workflow and a safe collection management system for the sustainability of digital publications in Indonesia.
5. Big data system that is integrated with various systems, making it easier for NLI to monitor printed and recorded works.

Target

The goal of SRIKANDI is to collect and publish collections in the form of electronic books, audio visuals, electronic maps, and electronic serial collections (such as magazines, newspapers, journals) as a result of the Legal Deposit Law. Collections are obtained from record producers, book publishers, ministries/institutions, universities, private institutions and others.

Potential Problems

The following is an analysis of potential problems that will occur during the implementation of SRIKANDI:

1. Storage capacity

Along with the increased number of print and recorded works collections collected by SRIKANDI, storage capacity requirements will also increase. Currently, 6TB is available for electronic works storage collected from 2018 - 2020. Year 2018 is the starting point for the collection of digital collections (e-books and e-journals) along with the ratification of Law number 13 2018.

2. Collection shape

Every collection submitted through SRIKANDI needs to follow the standards and provisions in order to become a national repository collection, namely:

a) File can be read by SRIKANDI,

b) No watermark,

c) Not encrypted,

d) High quality file.

However, some publishers and producers upload files which do not match with the criteria. For this reason, intensive socialization is needed to all submitters in improving knowledge about the criteria needed by SRIKANDI.

3. Information Retrieve

The large number of collections collected through SRIKANDI makes it need to have information retrieval tools to view and find the collections that have been submitted to SRIKANDI by the submitters. Apart from publishers, the public can also recover information that is relevant to their needs from a collection of information automatically. Therefore, SRIKANDI needs to have a smart search-engine feature.

4. File formats uniformity

In order to make SRIKANDI works optimum and effective, it has to apply a uniform file format which is easier to store, process and maintain. Monograph collections are generally saved in PDF format, song files are saved in WAV and MP3 format, video files are saved in MP4 format, and image files are stored in TIFF, JPG and PNG format. It is possible that the file format will change as to follow technological developments. SRIKANDI needs to adapt with the technological developments and make it so the files stored can still be read and used in the far future.

Achievement Strategy

The following is an achievement strategy in SRIKANDI implementation:

1. SRIKANDI Business Process

< Figure 2 SRIKANDI business process >

SRIKANDI will collect national collection data and digital files from various systems by collaboration and integration with existing systems such as ISBN, ISRC, SINTA, GARUDA, Institutional Repositories, etc. The collected metadata will be analyzed using big data tools that produce analytical data. Further, it can be used as literacy material for welfare.

2. Improvement of the management flow of the collection of printed and record works of the National Library internally

Currently, the flow of collection management, starting from the issuance of ISBN numbers, procurement, registration, processing, preservation, until the collection can be served does not have conformity, yet. It can occur due to unequal perceptions between users, librarians especially, in processing collections, and also due to inconsistencies in data resulting from imperfect integration between ISBN and INLIS. It needs to be improved from upstream (ISBN numbering) to downstream (services), to achieve a faster and more efficient collection process.

3. Cooperation between agencies

NLI cannot work alone if we want to collect data from all Indonesian citizens. Cooperation between agencies with goals to preserve the work of the nation's children (such as the Research and Technology/National Agency for Research and Innovation, ASIRI, TVRI, Sinematek, the Press Council, and several other institutions) is needed.

4. Human Resources Improvement

In implementing SRIKANDI towards the 4.0 library, it is necessary to pay attention to the challenges that will be faced in accordance with the current conditions of librarians' resources.

Currently, most librarians in Indonesia are considered to have new technical skills in data processing content/library collections, and skills in the scope of public information services. In addition, librarians do not have special skills in analyzing library data/collections in the form of journals, articles, or digital/conventional data. Therefore, when the SRIKANDI concept towards library 4.0 is implemented, the readiness of a special skill for library staff is mandatory. The challenge of digital disruption will be faced if librarians do not have these skills. People will rely more on the technology used through supporting tools rather than the capabilities of the library staff. For example, librarians who are serving as collection information retrieval, caring for digital data, or library collection processing staff may not be needed in manually processing library data/collections in the future.

Thus, improving the skills of librarians is a must. To achieve all the planned goals, it is necessary to increase the capacity of human resources at the NLO such as training (ISO, ITIL, etc.), training in institutions, competency certification, and others.

5. Improvement of Facilities and Infrastructure

SRIKANDI is a big system that contains all the Indonesian nation's works in various formats. To achieve the goals of SRIKANDI, improvements of facilities and infrastructure such as purchasing NAS for digital data copies, magnetic tapes, servers, network devices, and other supporting devices is required.
Facilities such as air conditioning, cleanliness, and proper network installation are essential in the data center room and data storage room.

6. Systems integration

To create a complete national collection, SRIKANDI will be supported by various systems that collaborate with each other to form data and information networks (e.g. ISBN, Garuda, INLIS, ASIRI, as well as internal and external National Library). Each system will have different characteristics, therefore tools to accelerate the integration process between systems with SRIKANDI is crucial. The integration will use the big data tools currently owned by the National Library to make it more efficient.