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CDNLAO


CDNLAO Newsletter

No. 98, August 2021

Special topic: Legal Deposit System

Six Strategies to Boost the Implementation of Legal Deposit in Indonesia

By Jusa Junaedi, Librarian, Directorate of Deposit and Collection
Development National Library of Indonesia

In Indonesia, legal deposit is regulated by Law No. 13 of 2018 and Government Regulation No. 55 of 2021. These regulations mandate the National Library of Indonesia (Perpusnas) and provincial libraries to play a major role in collecting and preserving all works published in Indonesia from individuals, private institutions, and/or government institutions. In addition, Perpusnas and provincial libraries must also collect and preserve all works about Indonesia published abroad as long as the works were created through research by Indonesian citizens or created in Indonesia by foreign citizens. This role is certainly a great mandate for those institutions, especially for Perpusnas as the center of all libraries in Indonesia. Perpusnas is expected to not only be able to take active action but also be adaptive. Active action is required to accommodate the needs of the thousands of publishers that spread across 34 provinces in Indonesia. While adaptive action is required as the main qualification in facing the digital era that continuously moves quickly and also makes work forms more diverse. Based on this situation, nowadays Perpusnas must not only collect and preserve printed and analog works (such as books, serials, microforms, and audiovisual materials) by legal deposit, but also digital works (such as ebooks, digital music, digital films, and digital serials).

Every year, the number of legal deposit objects in Indonesia tends to increase. One way to find out the estimation of its number is through the annual data of the International Standard Book Number (ISBN) which can represent the estimation of legal deposit objects of books and ebooks.

Table 1. ISBN Annual Data 2017-2019 (source: https://isbn.perpusnas.go.id)
Year ISBN eISBN TOTAL
2017 63.405 11.061 74.466
2018 78.097 15.639 93.736
2019 100.077 20.799 120.876

Based on the table above, the number of legal deposit object of books and ebooks in Indonesia has increased about 20% every year. This number will continuously increase if the annual data of other works, such as music, films, and serials that are published in printed, analog, or digital works by individuals, private institutions, and/or government institutions are added. To accommodate those works, here are six strategies currently implemented in Perpusnas to boost the implementation of legal deposit in Indonesia.

1. Socialization of Legal Deposit

Socialization of legal deposit is an annual activity held by Perpusnas and provincial libraries throughout Indonesia either independently or in collaboration. The socialization is held by inviting local publishers, government institutions, musicians, and music associations. The purpose of the socialization is to inform and build up an understanding and awareness of the implementation of legal deposit.


< Figure 1. Socialization >

2. Focus Group Discussion

Focus Group Discussion is held several times by inviting the representatives of publisher associations, special libraries, or society (indie). In general, this activity functions as a "discussion space" to exchange ideas and also establish communication and cooperation to achieve the aim of legal deposit. Specifically, this activity also has several aims based on the representative's session, e.g.:

a. Publisher Association Session

This session is held by inviting publisher associations in Indonesia, such as the Indonesian Publisher Association (IKAPI), Indonesian Recording Industry Association (ASIRI), United Press Company (SPS), and Indonesian Higher Education Publisher Affiliation (APPTI). The aim of this session is not only to share the information about legal deposit but also to designate those associations as Perpusnas representatives in providing information and directing all association members to implement legal deposit.


< Figure 2. Focus Group Discussion >

b. Special Library (Ministry or Other Government Institutions) Session

This session is held by inviting librarians and/or IT staff from all ministries and government institutions in Indonesia. The aim of this session is not only to remind them about the implementation of legal deposit in Perpusnas but also to motivate them to play a role as collectors and preservers of all works produced by their institutions. This is intended to make all ministry and government institution libraries be the center of information on a particular subject based on their institution's core business.

c. Society (Indie)

This session is held by inviting the representatives of singers or even artists who produce and publish their works independently. This session is held as a form of Perpusnas' commitment to collect and preserve all the works produced by all Indonesians.

3. E-Deposit

E-Deposit is a web-based system that is intended as a new face of the implementation of legal deposit in the digital era. This system was officially launched in March 2019 and can be accessed via https://edeposit.perpusnas.go.id.


< Figure 3. E-Deposit Website >

E-Deposit is created for collecting and preserving digital works (ebooks, digital music, digital films, and digital serials) supported by several security systems, such as user authentication, content encryption, backing up/restoring data, user logs, and watermarks. In addition, E-Deposit also allows publishers to determine a limited part of the work as a preview which can be accessed by information seekers to minimize piracy. Moreover, in the future, E-Deposit is projected to become a "marketplace" that can connect the needs of information seekers with digital works owned by publishers. Thus, E-Deposit can help publishers to increase their profit.

4. Interoperability

Interoperability is a method that allows integration and data exchange among systems through Application Programming Interfaces (API). This method can collect digital works from certain systems to Perpusnas' system automatically. The result of this method can be accessed via https://interoperabilitas2019.perpusnas.go.id.


< Figure 4. Interoperability Website >

In the first year of its launch, the implementation of interoperability has collected more than 1,000,000 articles as a result of collaboration with Garba Rujukan Digital (Garuda) owned by the Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia.

5. Integration between Deposit System and ISBN, ISRC System

As the agent of ISBN in Indonesia, Perpusnas has the right to postpone or cancel the issuance of ISBN or eISBN to publishers who do not deposit their works to Perpusnas. This policy is stated in article 10 of Director of National Library of Indonesia Regulation No. 7 of 2016. To maximize this policy, Perpusnas has been integrating the deposit and ISBN system that allows transfer of bibliographic data of works that have requested an ISBN or eISBN. These data will be used in the deposit system as basic data when verifying and validating the work deposited by publisher.


< Figure 5. ISBN Website >

Integration between the deposit and ISRC system allows the transfer of bibliographic data of digital music that has requested an ISRC. This method is a collaboration between Perpusnas and ASIRI as the agent of ISRC. It is the same as the ISBN system integration, these data will be used in the deposit system as basic data when verifying and validating the work deposited by publishers.


< Figure 6. ISRC Website >

6. Reward and Punishment

Rewards are given to publishers, societies, and foreign citizens who comply with the provisions stipulated by Law No. 13 of 2018 in appreciation for supporting the implementation of legal deposit. Rewards are presented in several events, such as "Buku (Pustaka) Terbaik" and "Anugerah Wajib Serah Tertib Undang-Undang." Meanwhile, punishments are given to publishers who do not comply with the provisions stipulated by Law No. 13 of 2018. Punishments are given through warning letters three times or even a recommendation to authorized agencies to suspend and/or revoke the publisher's business permit.


< Figure 7. "Buku (Pustaka) Terbaik" >


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